Such nanopublications expresse a causal (e.g. "A caused B"), spatio-temporal (e.g. "A is included in B"), or comparative (e.g. "A is larger than B") relation between the instances of two classes.

The subject and object are classes, and the relations attach to the instances of these classes. As defined in this, template, the chosen relation does not have to apply to all instances of the classes, but they only need to "tend to" have such a relation. This aspect of "tending to" is deliberately left underspecified.

For the above reasons, all relations listed here are named according to the pattern "has instances that tend to ... instances of".

For more precise statements that formally express the degree of "tending to", use the super-pattern template instead.